Electricity is an integral part of everyday human life. Without him, our life would not be what it is today. No digital device can function without electricity. Including those that we are used to using every day and without which we cannot do. These are gadgets such as a smartphone, computer, or TV. Therefore, in order to be able to enjoy all the benefits of our life, power supply systems of cities, regions, and individual houses are used. Their main function is to provide the consumer with electricity.
The power supply system is a complex of sources, as well as systems for the conversion, distribution, and transmission of electrical energy. One of the main features of electricity is its fairly simple production, transmission, and transformation.
In such networks, there are special transmission lines that connect substations. Several lines may be connected to substations. Inside each of them, the input voltage is converted and the electrical energy flows are redistributed.
Electrical systems require attention and must be carefully maintained. The slightest failure in the structure of the stations will entail many unpleasant consequences for the operation of a home, enterprise, or even an entire area. All these risks must be minimized at the development stage. Plus, in order for the system to function correctly and for a long time, it is very important to purchase high-quality components from a reliable electrical distributor. Also, of great importance is the proper organization of power grids to minimize energy costs.
The structure of the network itself is designed in such a way that it can change dynamically through the use of special switches. This is necessary so that in the event of an emergency or repair work, one or another line can be disconnected.
The power supply network consists directly of the power source, the means of supplying electricity, and the distribution infrastructure. In order to link these elements and set up the smooth operation of the system, a large amount of equipment is required. This:
- Power lines that provide power to receivers
- Step-down substations that carry out the primary conversion of energy from its sources
- Distribution stations, which are needed to perform the function of energy distribution. Thanks to this, it is possible to supply several consumers at once.
- Converter plants that prepare the electrical flow for end-use
- Overhead lines and cables that play the role of connecting elements. They directly form a network in the energy supply infrastructure
- Conductors that provide the final supply of energy to the receivers
Any complex power supply provides means of protection in case of emergency situations. These systems are called relay systems. In accordance with them, there is a division of operating modes:
- Normal. In this case, the system functions normally. It guarantees the supply of all consumers with electricity in the right amount.
- Emergency. In this mode, the normal operation of the system is disrupted until the damaged element is restored.
- Post-accident. This mode will work until the system returns to normal.
Power supply systems are:
- Industrial
- Household
- Production
- Agricultural
- Public and communal
Basic requirements for power supply systems:
- Quality
- Reliability
- Safety
- Ease of operation
- Economy
At the moment, all power grids are trying to be automated. Such systems automatically perform measurements of the required quantities, check the status of various network elements, as well as evaluate and optimize calculations. Certain advantages of such systems are their higher accuracy, reliability and efficiency of network control. They also reduce the time for eliminating the consequences of an accident and reduce operating costs.
It should be noted that the equipment of which these networks are composed is of particular importance for the infrastructure of networks. The selection of components depends on the project design data. The components of the system determine its reliability and how long it can function. Equipment may include high voltage equipment, relays, electrical transformers, power supplies, control stations, switches, terminals, motor starters, and many other items.
Another very important factor in the functioning of power supply systems is the quality of their service. The durability, reliability, and safety of all processes depend on it. Improper maintenance can lead to power outages.
You should also consider household power supply systems and their classification. A comfortable stay in the room depends on these systems, as well as the functioning of all electrical appliances and engineering systems. If you want to install such equipment in your home, then it is very important to approach the design and selection of components correctly, such as motor starters, relays, circuit breakers, power supplies, and many others.
Classification:
- Conventional 220v or 380v power supply, which includes a full range of equipment, socket networks, and lighting networks
- Low-current system. They include controls for various electronic devices and systems. For example, gates or shutters.
- Emergency power supply systems. They include backup and uninterruptible power supplies, as well as backup generators.
- Systems of autonomous power supply at home. They are designed for round-the-clock operation and include alternative power sources.
Without power supply systems, our life is impossible in the form in which we see it now. Their main function is to deliver electricity to consumers and provide them with all the comforts of life. Any electrical system must be safe, reliable, and efficient, and for this, it is necessary to properly maintain it and select the best components for it. In this case, it will work without interruption and make everyday life as comfortable as possible.